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KDF 55 and KDF 85 Media
Why you should I purchase a water filter with KDF Media in it?
KDF is a patented product a major advancement in water treatment technology that works on basic process known as REDOX (oxidation/reduction) principles, representing a new and unique way of water processing medium which by its natural process of electrochemical oxidation/reduction and adsorption action reduces and/or removes many unwanted contaminants from water. KDF medium is a versatile, specially formulated high purity, bimetal material.
This product operates as a multifunctional medium which has superior capabilities of de-chlorination of drinking water and reduces dissolved heavy metals in water supplies. The media inhibits bacteria growth (fungi, algae and mold) and reduces lime scale, mold, and fungi. Throughout the entire unit, In fact testing has shown that it reduces it up to 90%; thus eliminating the need for silver, commonly used in carbon-only filters. Silver is considered a pesticide by the EPA and, as such, must be registered with EPA.
Patented KDF media consists of a high purity copper-zinc formulation. These substances exchange electrons or bond with chlorine and other metals contained in the water to create harmless substances.
KDF is completely safe and meets EPA and FDA standards for levels of zinc and copper in potable water, so the process is not toxic and does not cause any adverse side effects. KDF is recyclable
What is KDF?
Kinetic Degradation Fluxion (KDF) is a high-purity copper-zinc formulation that uses a basic process known as redox (oxidation/reduction) to remove chlorine, lead, mercury, iron, and hydrogen sulfide from water supplies.
What is KDF 55?
Was designed specifically for removing or reducing chlorine and water-soluble heavy metals. It controls scale, bacteria and algae, even in hot water.
What is KDF 85?
Removes or reduces iron and hydrogen sulfide from municipal or other water supplies. Also controls scale, bacteria and algae.
How does KDF Work?
In short, the KDF redox process works by exchanging electrons with contaminants. This "give and take" of electrons converts many contaminants into harmless components. During this reaction, electrons are transferred between molecules, and new elements are created. Some harmful contaminants are changed into harmless components. Others are electrochemically bound to the KDF media.
What Contaminants Does KDF Remove?
KDF process media will reduce or remove chlorine, iron, hydrogen sulfide, lead, mercury, calcium carbonate, magnesium, chromium, bacteria, algae, and fungi. Redox media removes up to 98% of water-soluble cations (positively-charged ions) of lead, mercury, copper, nickel, chromium, and other dissolved metals. In most cases, more than 98% of chlorine is removed if operated within recommended flow rates.
Will KDF remove Iron from the Water?
Redox media alloys function as catalysts to change soluble ferrous cations (positively-charged ions) into insoluble ferric hydroxide, which can be removed with regular backwashing. With enough oxygen dissolved in the water, iron removal rates of 98 percent or better are common.
How Does KDF Remove Chlorine from the Water?
High-purity copper-zinc redox media consistently remove 99% of free chlorine by electrochemically reducing dissolved chlorine gas to water-soluble chloride ions.
How does KDF Remove Hydrogen Sulfide from the Water?
When hydrogen sulfide contaminated water enters the KDF filter, the copper in the KDF media loses an electron and the sulfur gains an electron and copper sulfide and water are formed. The copper sulfide is insoluble in water and can be backwashed off the KDF filter media.
Will the KDF process media remove heavy metals such as lead from the water?
KDF media remove up to 98% of water-soluble cations (positively-charged ions) of lead, mercury, copper, nickel, chromium, and other dissolved metals. When filtered through KDF media, soluble lead cations are reduced to insoluble lead atoms, which are electroplated onto the surface of the media. Other heavy metals bond to the media and may be recovered when the exhausted media pass through a copper smelter.
Will the KDF process media control microorganism growth in the water filters?
KDF media are incorporated into carbon blocks and other matrices for bacteria control and scale reduction. The oxidation/reduction potential (ORP) shift by a factor of -300mV or more for water filtered through redox media controls microorganism growth. Treating water reduces bacteria and other microorganisms by disrupting electron transport, causing cellular damage. KDF process media also kill bacteria by direct electrochemical contact and by the flash formation of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, both of which interfere with a microorganism's ability to function.
Will the KDF filter systems add any toxic substances to the water?
KDF process media are completely safe. KDF media meet EPA and Food and Drug Administration standards for levels of zinc and copper in potable water, so the process is not toxic and does not cause any adverse side effects. You may not even realize that KDF process media are working for you. KDF media is the core product of many filtration systems, and can be used in conjunction with other products to provide superior purification.
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January 26, 2007
SCIENCE NEWS
January 18, 2007
Chlorinated water exposure may boost cancer risk
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Drinking, bathing or swimming in chlorinated water may increase the risk of
bladder cancer, a new study shows.
The findings are the first to suggest that these chemicals can be harmful when they are inhaled or absorbed through
the skin, as well as when they are ingested, Dr. Cristina M. Villanueva of the Municipal Institute of Medical
Research in Barcelona, and colleagues note.
Chemicals, most commonly chlorine, used to disinfect water can produce by-products that have been tied to
increased cancer risk, Villanueva and her team point out. The most prevalent chlorination by-products, chemicals
called trihalomethanes (THM), can be absorbed into the body through the skin or by inhalation, they add.
To investigate lifetime THM exposure and bladder cancer risk, the researchers matched 1,219 men and women with
bladder cancer to 1,271 control individuals who did not have the disease, surveying them about their exposure to
chlorinated water via drinking water, swimming pools, showering and bathing. The researchers also analyzed the
average water THM levels in the 123 municipalities included in the study.
People living in households with an average household water THM level of more than 49 micrograms per liter had
double the bladder cancer risk of those living in households where water THM concentration was below 8 micrograms
per liter, the researchers found. THM levels of about 50 micrograms per liter are common in industrialized societies,
they note.
Study participants who drank chlorinated water were at 35% greater risk of bladder cancer than those who didn't, while
use of swimming pools boosted bladder cancer risk by 57%. And those who took longer showers or baths and lived in
municipalities with higher THM levels were also at increased cancer risk.
When THM is absorbed through the skin or lungs, Villanueva and her team note, it may have a more powerful
carcinogenic effect because it does not undergo detoxification via the liver.
"If confirmed elsewhere, this observation has significant public health implications in relation to preventing exposure
to these water contaminants," the researchers conclude.
SOURCE: American Journal of Epidemiology, January 2007.
THE ROLE OF SKIN ABSORPTION AS A ROUTE OF EXPOSURE
FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
American Journal of Public Health 1984 74:479-484
HYDRATION
The more hydrated the skin, the greater the absorption. If the skin is hydrated (through perspiration or immersion in water) or if the contaminant compounds are in solution, diffusion and penetration will be enhanced.
TEMPERATURE
Increased skin or water temperature will enhance skin absorption capacity proportionately. During swimming and bathing, it may be expected that greater hydration of skin surfaces will take place.
SKIN CONDITION
Any insult (i.e. sunburn) or injury (i.e. cuts, wounds, abrasions) to the outer layer of skin will lower its ability to act as a barrier against foreign substances. A history of skin disease such as psoriasis or eczema acts to lower the natural barrier of the outer skin layer, as do rashes, dermatitis, or any chronic skin condition.
REGIONAL VARIABILITY
Skin absorption rates vary with the different regions of the body. Underestimated is the case of whole body immersion during swimming or bathing. The epidermis of the hand represents a relatively greater barrier to penetration than many other parts of the body, including the scalp, forehead, abdomen, area in and around the ears, underarms, and genital area. Penetration through the genital area, in fact, is estimated to be 100% as compared to 8.56% for the forearm.
OTHER ROUTES OF ENTRY
Other significant routes of absorption include oral, nasal, cheeks, and mouth cavity, and eye and ear areas. These routes have been underestimated in their ability to absorb contaminants during immersion in water. Inhalation serves as yet another route. In the case of swimming or bathing, the volatized chemicals are likely to gather near the surface of the water and are readily inhalable. In addition, water may be swallowed in these situations.
INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY
Absorption rates obtained from healthy adults will again tend to underestimate absorption for children or populations that are more sensitive.
This information was compiled from the American Journal of Public Health
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